Spinal diseases in our time are considered to be serious medical and social problems. Every second person who is 30 years old suffers from various vertebrates. Osteochondrosis is diagnosed in 70% of older age populations.
What is osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is a chronic neurological disease. From Greek, the term is translated as osteo - bone and chondros - cartilage.
As a result of the destruction of tissue pathology, their elasticity and the loss of original form are reduced. The distance between the vertebrae is reduced, and the spine is stripped of a stable balance. Differentiate between lumbar, thoracic and cervical osteochondrosis.
In connection with the weakness of the intervertebral disc in the body, the irreversible pathological process may develop. With the treatment released, such a process can lead to vertebral hernia and highlights. Further, the deterioration of the spinal column and the intervertebral ligaments may occur. All of these processes lead to the formation of bone processes - osteophytes.
Cause
Osteochondrosis develops according to several dependent and non -dependent factors. The main reason lies in the following:
- The cause of the deviation in the intervertebral part is the work of an asymmetric muscle. This occurs in incorrect cases -excitement before training, uncomfortable pose, when wearing heavy bags, improper positions in dreams and using too soft mattresses or pillows.
- Often the cause of osteochondrosis can be a flat foot. At the same time, foot disease does not provide proper depreciation during interaction with support and the whole burden to go to the intervertebral column.
- People with excess body mass often have spinal problems. This is due to the fact that fat deposits are distributed in various parts of the body and the spinal axis, without withstand excessive loads, begin to change. The intervertebral joints take over the entire mass and excess load over time.
- Cases of the development of the disease are very frequent against the background of various back injuries, the advantages of dynamic and statistical properties, fixed vibration on the vertebral axis. Moreover, older people become, more often they become subject to such manifestations.
- Spinal curvature is a source of unbelief in the development of osteochondrosis. Such pathology can develop in the early days of children and at a later age. During the year of school, most people acquired certain deviations related to spinal columns. At a later age, this manifestation is poured into chronic diseases.
In addition to the reasons above, the following can be distinguished:
- descent tendency;
- smoking;
- intoxication or infectious diseases;
- sharp stops of strong physical work in the gym;
- low nutrition;
- age -related changes;
- Posture on posture during pregnancy;
- poor environmental conditions.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
The main symptoms of the disease can be called back and neck pain. The severity of the symptoms depends on the severity and level of the disease. Osteochondrosis has a broad clinical picture. This is due to the fact that the location of the intervertebral disc is violated, the hernia, the growth of the vertebra is formed. All of this leads to impaired blood supply, pinching nerves, damage to the spinal cord and the occurrence of the surrounding vertebrate fibrosis.
With the development of osteochondrosis, the following symptoms begin to appear:
- painful or pulsating pain in the nape, neck, lower back appears;
- Muscle weakness felt;
- When turning on the head, the crust is heard;
- Headache and periodic dizziness arises;
- One feels unexpected fatigue from normal routine affairs, which over time flowing into the chronic;
- their limbs, pain and chills are felt;
- Disturbed sensitivity;
- Muscle hypotension develops;
- Body fatigue, including the eyes.
Depending on the spinal area where osteochondrosis is hit, the symptoms may vary. With cervical osteochondrosis, pain in the hands and shoulders is felt, the head starts to dizzy, "flies" periodically appears before the eyes. The thoracic region wound causes pain in the chest and heart region. The Lumbar region declares itself a pain in the lower back, which is given to the feet or pelvic organs.
With late treatment, the following interruptions may appear:
- spinal hernia;
- kyphosis;
- protrusion;
- radiculitis;
- Salt deposits in the space between vertebrae;
- spinal cord stroke;
- atrophy of limbs;
- Legs.
Osteochondrosis treatment
Osteochondrosis is treated for a long time, about three months plus annual recovery. Self can worsen the patient's condition and he may take more time for treatment and recovery.
Therapeutic procedures are performed in two fields: conservative therapy and surgical intervention are used. In addition, the patient is prescribed the same diet and a general proposal to maintain his or her health.
During conservative treatment, the goal of stopping the pain syndrome, normalizing the spine and preventing further dystrophic changes in a person's "axis". It is run by the following methods:
Drug therapy
It is intended to eliminate the pain syndrome and prevent inflammation of the tissue spinal component. At the same time, the goal is to improve the work of metabolic processes.
The following drugs are prescribed:
- Anti -inflammation non -steroid.
- Antispasmodics.
- Antioxidants.
- Increases blood circulation.
Medicines for osteochondrosis can be used as tablets, ointments, gels and injections. Ointments based on bees and snakes have good reviews. Famous anesthetic ointment can be used without a doctor's prescription to relieve muscle pain.
Ointment is used both during the severity of pain and for the prevention of osteochondrosis.
To stop pain and stop inflammation, various therapeutic blockade is also used. They help reduce muscle-tonic syndrome. Among these restrictions, the application was found:
- trigger point restrictions;
- inside the bone;
- paravertebral;
- Epidural.
Physiotherapy
This procedure is required to relieve severe pain in the spinal area and close to the adjacent organs. It is prescribed during the period of drug therapy and during the recovery period to improve its effectiveness.
Physiotherapy is carried out using the following methods:
- ultrasonic effects on the spine;
- laser treatment;
- Magnetic - resonance therapy;
- The use of low frequency current.
Physiotherapy Education (Training Therapy), Kinesitherapy
This type of treatment is individually selected depending on the severity of the process, the level and age of the patient. Exercises are selected doses and hearts. The purpose of such exercises is to correct posture, normalize muscle tissue work, their flexibility. At the same time, the declining of exposed nerve roots and prevention of possible complications is performed.
This procedure allows you to normalize the metabolism and nutrition of the intervertebral disc, improve blood circulation, restore disc distance and vertebra, allowing you to distribute the load evenly on the overall support and motor tools.
In addition, the following procedure has a good recovery effect:
- Massage. It helps improve blood circulation, relieve stiffness and tension in the muscles, and improve the general condition of the body and health of the patient.
- Hydromassage. The effect is similar to massage therapy, only the overall work of the nervous system is still improving.
- Manual therapy. The effect goes to a certain point of the bone and muscle system. Motor activity is restored, the immune system is reinforced and prevention of possible complications.
- Advanced (attractiveness) of the spine. Using special equipment, the spine is corrected. This procedure helps eventually eliminate the pain attack.
With ineffective conservative treatment, surgical intervention is used. Surgical methods are also prescribed for the most severe injuries from the spine and organs nearby.
Any type of osteochondrosis can develop for many years in one localization. But at the same time, the pathological process can be formed anywhere. Timely treatment guarantees favorable prognosis and complete healing of osteochondrosis.